5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in DNA occurs by the covalent  addition of a methyl group at the 5-carbon of the cytosine ring by  DNA methyltransferases. This process has been well studied and  is generally associated with repression of gene expression. It was  also observed that in humans, 5-mC occurs in various RNA  molecules including tRNAs, rRNAs, mRNAs and non-coding  RNAs (ncRNAs). 5-mC seems to be enriched in some classes of  ncRNA, but relatively depleted in mRNAs. Levels of 5-mC are  variable in animal genomes, ranging from undetectable amounts  in some insects to about 0.1-0.45% of total RNA in human cells.  The majority (83%) of 5-mC sites were found in mRNAs.  Within these transcripts 5-mC appears to be depleted within  protein coding sequences but enriched in 5’ and 3’ UTRs. Two different methyltransferases, NSUN2 and Dnmt2 are known to  catalyze 5-mCmodification in eukaryotic RNA.There has been  strong evidence that RNA cytosine methylation affects the  regulation of various biological processes such as RNA stability  and mRNA translation. 

Furthermore, loss of 5-mC in vault RNAs causes aberrant  processing into Argonaute-associated smallRNA fragments that can  function as microRNAs. Thus, impaired processing of vault ncRNA  may contribute to the etiology of human disorders related to NSUN2- deficiency.Very recently, a few novel modified nucleotides previously found in the DNA such as 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), 5- formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-carboxycytosine (5-caC) have also been  detected in RNA of human and mouse tissues. These modified  nucleotides are also generated by iterative oxidation of 5- methylcytosine, a reaction mediated by the TET family of enzymes.

试剂盒组成：

*在使用之前将溶液离心至管底。

实验过程：

运输&储存：

The kit is shipped in two parts: the first part at ambient room temperature and the  second part on frozen ice packs at 4°C. 

Upon receipt:

(1) Store NC, PC, SI, ES, FD and FE at –20°C away from light;  

(2) Store mCAband 8 -Well Assay Strips at 4°C away from light;  

(3) Store BS and DB at room temperature away from light. 

*本品仅供科研使用，请勿用于临床与诊断。

说明书下载：5-mC RNA Methylation ELISA Easy Kit(Fluorometric).pdf